Daily Macro US
10Y touch 4.8% (pos-017)
67.0c
Unchanged; bid 64 -> 65, one point from our 66c take-profit. FV frozen at 72 after our own consistency check failed to reproduce
10Y Treasury
4.705%
+0.4bp, verified at source. 30Y 5.23%, 2Y 4.25%, 10Y TIPS 2.37% for a 2.34% breakeven
Fed hike 2026
56.5c
+1.0 on a waiting tape. Fed Sep 33.5c and ECB Sep 95.5c also up exactly one point overnight
Brent crude
$91.58
-0.6% (WTI $84.43). Gives back part of Monday's 2.1% drop; sanctions read as pressure, not lost barrels
GDPNow Q3
4.0%
Atlanta Fed, verified at source, stamped Aug 18. Next update Wednesday with PCE and the Q2 second estimate
Book
+$102.85
5 open, $332 staked; +$611.08 realized, 11/14. No trades
Start with the correction, because it is the only thing in today's letter that changes what we think we know. Yesterday we closed the pos-017 section with what we called a consistency check: we wrote that running the same barrier model on the 5.00% leg returned about 16 against a 16.0c market, and we used that agreement to argue our sigma was not flattering the 4.8% leg we own. This morning we tried to reproduce it and could not. With today's inputs the 10-year at 4.705%, 92 business sessions to December 31, roughly 4bp of daily volatility and therefore sigma of 38.4bp, the 5.00% barrier is 29.5bp away, 2*(1-Phi(29.5/38.4)) is 44.2% raw, and the same buyback haircut we have applied since Friday takes it to 40. The market on that leg is 17.5c. That is not a 0.5-point agreement, it is a 22-point disagreement in the direction that makes our model look good. We do not know how yesterday's 16 was produced. What we know is that the check we published as evidence for our own fair value does not survive being run again, and the honest response is to publish that first, above the tape, rather than in a footnote. The consequence is a decision, not just an apology. Today's arithmetic on the 4.8% leg gives 80.4% raw and 72.8 after the haircut, which would round to a fair value of 73. We are not taking it. Fair value on pos-017 stays 72. A model that just failed its own consistency test does not get to hand us a fair-value upgrade in the same session it failed. There is a second temptation we are also refusing, and it is the larger one. If our model says 40 on the 5.00% leg and the market says 17.5, that is a 22-point gap, more than twice our 10-point entry bar, on a market we already follow. We are not touching it. A gap that large produced by a model whose calibration we have just called into question is not an edge, it is evidence that the model is wrong. Barrier models with a fixed daily volatility systematically over-price far touches, because they assume yields wander freely when in practice a 30bp move to 5.00% would trigger the exact policy response, buybacks, intervention, a flight to quality, that stops it. Our 4.8% leg is not exposed to that criticism because it is 9.5bp away and, at 67c, the market broadly agrees with us. The 5.00% leg is where the model breaks, and the correct read is that the market's 17.5 is closer to right than our 40. Now the tape, which is quiet enough to be honest about. Everything we watch moved up exactly one point overnight, which is what a market does when it is waiting rather than deciding: Fed-hike-in-2026 56.5c from 55.5c, Fed September 33.5c from 32.5c, ECB September 95.5c from 94.5c. The 10-year is 4.7050%, up 0.4bp, verified at source, with the 30-year at 5.23% and the 2-year at 4.25%. Brent is $91.58, down 0.6%, giving back part of Monday's 2.1% drop as the market reads the Bessent sanctions package as economic pressure on Iran rather than as an interruption of physical barrels. Monday's US close was mixed: the S&P 500 down 0.21% to 7,658.52, the Nasdaq down 0.56% to 26,035.14 on chip weakness with Nvidia itself off 2.3%, the Dow up 0.31% to 53,440.36. The waiting has a reason. This is the densest 72 hours of the quarter. Consumer confidence prints at 10:00 ET today, against 90.8 in July. Wednesday at 8:30 ET brings July PCE, the Q2 GDP second estimate and durable goods in a single release. Nvidia reports Wednesday after the close, so the largest earnings event and the largest macro release land within nine hours of each other. Friday morning is doubled up in a way we have not seen before: Kevin Warsh gives his first Jackson Hole keynote as Fed chair, and at 10:00 ET the BLS publishes the preliminary annual benchmark revision to establishment payrolls. A speech that could reset the reaction function and a revision that could retroactively rewrite the labour market, on the same morning. Two anchors are verified and unchanged, which matters more than it sounds. The Cleveland Fed nowcast still reads July PCE at 0.15% MoM and 3.65% YoY with core PCE at 0.25% and 3.29%; the page is stamped 08/24, so there is no fresh update to report and we say so rather than presenting yesterday's number as today's. The Atlanta Fed GDPNow estimate for Q3 is 4.0%, verified at source, last updated August 18 with the next update Wednesday. Four percent growth with core inflation at 3.3% against a 2% target is not an economy that gets rate cuts, and that is the whole of the pos-013 thesis stated in one sentence. One oddity we are flagging and not trading, in the format we use for things we cannot explain. The Cleveland Fed's August nowcasts put core CPI at 2.38% YoY and core PCE at 3.34% YoY. Core PCE running a full point above core CPI is the reverse of the normal relationship, which has core CPI above core PCE almost all of the time because of housing weights. We have no confident explanation, we are not building a position on it, and we would rather write down that we noticed it than quietly use whichever of the two numbers suits the position we already hold. Finally, the disclosure that belongs at the top of any letter that carries it. This one went out at 10:25 Stockholm, which is 04:25 in New York, before the US open and roughly six hours before our usual slot. Every price above is an overnight or pre-market mark, no US cash session has traded, and today's 10:00 ET consumer confidence print is ahead of us rather than behind us. Nothing here is stale, but it is early, and an early mark on a thin overnight book deserves less weight than a 14:40 mark does. No trades today.
Today's Market Moves
Fed Rate Hike in 2026 (pos-010)
55.5%→56.5%+1.0pp
A quiet one-point continuation of Monday's six-point tariff repricing, with no new headline behind it. Carney's dollar-for-dollar retaliation still starts September 8 and the energy, potash and critical-minerals carve-outs are still in the package. Our FV stays 55, so the position is now marked 1.5pp above our own number, one point worse than yesterday. That is not a reason to sell a runner with a published 48c floor, but it is the second consecutive session in which the market has moved away from us and we have not moved our number to follow it.
10Y Touches 4.8% Before 2027 (pos-017)
67.0%→67.0%0.0pp
The mid did not move at all. What moved is the bid, 64 -> 65, which is the number our take-profit gate is written against: the rule says sell on a 66c BID and we are one point away, down from two yesterday. Fair value frozen at 72 rather than the 73 today's arithmetic gives, for the reason at the top of this letter.
10Y Touches 5.00% Before 2027 (watchlist)
16.0%→17.5%+1.5pp
The leg we used yesterday as a consistency check, and the leg that broke it. Our model says 40 after the haircut, the market says 17.5, and we are siding with the market: a 22-point gap on our own model is a model failure, not an entry signal. Explicitly NOT a trade, and explicitly not something we will quietly re-run tomorrow hoping for a friendlier number.
Zero Fed Rate Cuts in 2026 (pos-013)
86.05%→86.4%+0.35pp
Up a third of a point into Wednesday's PCE print, which is the first genuine test this position has faced in three weeks. FV 88, gap 1.6pp, trim still armed at 90c and untouched. GDPNow at 4.0% for Q3 does more work for this thesis than any move in the price.
Fed Rate End 2026 = 4.0% (pos-011)
30.75%→30.6%-0.15pp
Noise. The ladder is 3.5% 8.1 / 3.75% 43.25 / 4.0% 30.6 / 4.25% 11.3, essentially Monday's distribution shifted a hair toward exactly one hike. FV 30, marked 0.6pp above it, and a $25 ticket in a market doing a few hundred dollars a day is not worth the spread to correct. Efficiency review still armed at 40c.
US Unemployment >= 5.0% in 2026 (pos-004)
12.5%→12.4%-0.1pp
Gave back one tenth of yesterday's three-point jump, which is the smallest possible amount of comfort. Bid 11.2 / ask 13.6, so the 12.4 mid is still arithmetic rather than a traded level. The Friday-positioning theory we floated yesterday now has a confirmed date behind it: the BLS preliminary benchmark revision lands 10:00 ET on August 28. It did not get better today; it stopped getting worse.
Screening Table
| # | Market | Expiry | Market Price | Fair Value | Gap (pp) | Direction | Volume | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10Y Touches 4.8% Before 2027 | Dec 31 | 67.0% | 72% | +5.0pp | HOLD $25 YES — FV frozen at 72, not raised to the 73 the formula gives; take-profit gate is a 66c bid, bid is 65c | $$60K on the leg | 5/10 |
| 2 | Zero Fed Cuts in 2026 | Dec 30 | 86.4% | 88% | +1.6pp | HOLD $82 — trim armed at 90c; PCE Wednesday 8:30 ET is the first real test in three weeks | $$7.5M total | 7/10 |
| 3 | Fed Rate Hike in 2026 | Dec 9 | 56.5% | 55% | -1.5pp | HOLD $100 runner — marked 1.5pp above our own FV; floor 48c, trim >72c, no add | $$7.9M total | 6/10 |
| 4 | US Unemployment >= 5.0% in 2026 | Jan 31 | 12.4% | 8% | +4.4pp | HOLD $100 NO — under the bar; benchmark revision Aug 28 is the identified risk | $$123K on the leg | 6/10 |
| 5 | Fed Sep Hike | Sep 16 | 33.5% | 31.6% | -1.9pp | NO TRADE — refused a sixth time; carried FV 36.6 withdrawn and replaced by the only datable source (CME via third party, Aug 20) | $$9.8M on the leg | 2/10 |
Market vs Fundamentals
Market Price (red) vs Estimated Fair Value (green) — %
Top 5 Opportunities
1
10Y Treasury Touches 4.80% Before 2027 — our consistency check failed to reproduce, and we are freezing fair value because of it — YES
↑ BUY YES+5.0pp
Market price
67.0%
Fair value
72%
Gap: +5.0pp
Yesterday this section ended with a flourish: the same barrier model applied to the 5.00% leg returns about 16 against a 16.0c market, therefore our sigma is not flattering the leg we own. It was the most persuasive sentence in the letter and we cannot reproduce it. Today's run, with every input stated so anyone can check it: the 10-year is 4.7050%, so the barrier to 5.00% is 29.5bp; 92 business sessions remain to December 31; at roughly 4bp of daily volatility sigma is 38.37bp; 2*(1-Phi(29.5/38.37)) = 44.2% raw; the same buyback haircut we have used since Friday, a factor of 0.9045, gives 40. The market is 17.5c. We published 16 yesterday and we get 40 today from what is supposed to be the same formula, and we do not have an explanation for the difference. So here is what we do about it, in order. First, we publish it above the tape rather than burying it, because a check we offered as evidence turning out not to reproduce is more important than any price that moved overnight. Second, we freeze fair value. Today's arithmetic on our own 4.8% leg gives 80.4% raw and 72.8 after the haircut, which rounds to 73; we are staying at 72. A model that just failed its own consistency test does not get to award us a fair-value upgrade in the same session it failed. Third, and this is the one that would cost us money if we are wrong, we refuse the 5.00% leg outright. Our model says 40, the market says 17.5, that is a 22-point gap against a 10-point bar, and we are not taking it. The reason is not modesty, it is mechanism. A fixed-volatility barrier model over-prices far touches because it assumes yields random-walk freely, when in practice a 30bp grind to 5.00% would call forth exactly the response that stops it: bigger buybacks, a flight to quality, coordinated intervention of the kind we already saw on the yen. Our 4.8% leg does not carry that objection, because the barrier is 9.5bp away, well inside ordinary weekly noise, and because at 67c the market broadly agrees with our direction. The 5.00% leg is where the model's tail assumption does the work, and on that leg we think the market's 17.5 is closer to right than our 40. The thesis itself is unchanged and it is not a US story. The Bund is 3.2550%, near its highest since 2011. The 10-year JGB is 2.8950%, a level last seen in 1996. The gilt is 5.0676%, up 1.5bp. The US buyback window runs September 9 to November 4 and the barrier runs to December 31, so the intervention expires before the position does. The take-profit gate has not moved and we are not moving it: sell on a 66c bid. The bid is 65c today, one point away and one point closer than yesterday. If it prints 66 we sell, on the day, and we publish it.
▵ Bull case
- Barrier is 9.5bp, less than three days of ordinary 10-year volatility, with 92 sessions left to touch it.
- The long-end repricing is global, not a US fiscal quirk: Bund near a 2011 high, JGB at a 1996 high, gilt above 5%.
- The Treasury buyback window expires November 4; the barrier does not expire until December 31, leaving eight unprotected weeks.
- Warsh has signalled the balance sheet, not the funds rate, as his preferred tightening tool, and faster QT is a long-end steepener.
▿ Bear case
- Our own model just failed a consistency test on a neighbouring leg, which is a reason to distrust the 72, not only the 40.
- Fixed-volatility barrier models over-price touches by construction, because they ignore the policy reaction the move itself would trigger.
- Bessent can reportedly fund buybacks from a General Account approaching $1trn, which is a much larger intervention than the announced $4bn per operation.
- Falling crude has been pulling the 10-year down all week; a genuine Iran de-escalation takes the barrier further away, not closer.
2
Zero Fed Rate Cuts in 2026 — GDPNow at 4.0% does more for this than the price does — YES
↑ BUY YES+1.6pp
Market price
86.4%
Fair value
88%
Gap: +1.6pp
The book's largest stake moved a third of a point and the case for it got materially stronger anyway, from a source that has nothing to do with the price. The Atlanta Fed's GDPNow estimate for Q3 is 4.0%, verified at source this morning, stamped August 18 with the next update Wednesday. Four percent annualised growth is not a slowdown, it is an economy running hot. Set it against the inflation side, also verified at source and also unchanged: the Cleveland Fed nowcast has July PCE at 0.15% MoM and 3.65% YoY, core PCE at 0.25% and 3.29%. The page is stamped 08/24, so there is no new reading today and we are saying that rather than re-presenting yesterday's figure as fresh. Core inflation at 3.3% against a 2% target, with output growing at 4%, describes a committee with no cutting case at all. Three July dissents pointed toward a hike and the August minutes showed a broader hawkish bloc. This position is not a forecast that the Fed will hike; it is a forecast that it will not cut, which is a much lower bar and is why we sized it largest. Wednesday is the first genuine test in three weeks. July PCE arrives at 8:30 ET together with the Q2 GDP second estimate and durable goods, three releases in one print. A core PCE reading materially below the 0.25% nowcast would be the first data point in months that opens a cutting door, and we would rather name that in advance than explain it afterwards. The honest soft spot has not changed and we repeat it every time: continuing claims at 1.799M and rising, and Friday's preliminary payrolls benchmark revision, which could retroactively make the labour market look weaker than the monthly prints suggested. Neither operates on a 2026 timescale. A benchmark revision changes history; it does not change the four remaining months of this year, and the Fed does not cut in December because March was revised in August. Trim armed at 90c, untouched. FV 88 against 86.4, a 1.6pp gap, comfortably under the bar. Hold.
▵ Bull case
- GDPNow has Q3 at 4.0% (verified, Aug 18). Central banks do not cut into 4% growth.
- Core PCE nowcast at 3.29% YoY is 1.3 points above target with no disinflationary momentum in the monthly figures.
- Three dissents toward a hike in July and a broader hawkish bloc in the August minutes; the committee's tail risk is up, not down.
- Only four months and three meetings remain in 2026, so the position needs the absence of an event rather than the occurrence of one.
▿ Bear case
- Continuing claims at 1.799M and rising is the one series that has consistently pointed the other way.
- Friday's benchmark revision could reframe the whole labour market as weaker than reported, changing the political temperature fast.
- At 86.4c the position pays about 15.7c on a dollar risked; a single surprise costs far more than the remaining upside.
- Warsh has hinted the balance sheet is his tightening tool of choice, which leaves more room for a token rate cut than a pure hawk would.
3
Fed Rate Hike in 2026 — up another point, and we still are not moving our number — YES
↑ BUY YES-1.5pp
Market price
56.5%
Fair value
55%
Gap: -1.5pp
Second consecutive session in which this market has moved away from us. Monday it jumped six points to 55.5c on the collapse of the US-Canada trade talks; overnight it added another point to 56.5c with no new headline attached to it. Our fair value is 55, so we are marked 1.5pp above our own number, up from 0.5pp yesterday. Yesterday we published the cost of not adding at 49.5c on Friday, when the gap to our FV was 5.5pp and our bar is 10pp. We are not going to keep re-litigating that, but we will note the thing that makes it easier to hold the line today: the gap has now inverted. On Friday the rule stopped us buying something cheap. Today the same rule stops us from chasing something we think is slightly expensive, and it is the same rule doing both. That is what a rule is for. Nor are we raising fair value to make the mark look better. The tariff arithmetic has not changed since Monday: 50% on roughly $20bn of Canadian goods is about $10bn of duties in a $30tn economy, energy, potash and critical minerals, the three exports with the most direct pass-through into US prices, are carved out, and Carney's dollar-for-dollar retaliation does not begin until September 8. Meanwhile the larger inflation input went the other way again, with Brent at $91.58 and down 0.6% on the day and 2.7% over two sessions. The genuine uncertainty in this position is not the tariff, it is Warsh. Reporting through August has him treating the balance sheet, not the funds rate, as his preferred instrument against inflation, which is a hawkish disposition expressed through a channel this market does not price. If Friday's keynote makes that explicit, a hawkish Fed chair could be bearish for a market called Fed rate hike in 2026. We hold the runner, floor at 48c, trim above 72c, and we would rather be marked 1.5pp expensive than move a number to justify a position.
▵ Bull case
- North American tariff escalation three weeks before an FOMC meeting is a live inflation impulse, and retaliation starts Sep 8.
- Core PCE at 3.29% with GDPNow at 4.0% is the combination that historically precedes tightening, not easing.
- Three July dissents toward a hike mean the votes for a move already exist on the committee.
- Three meetings remain in 2026, so the market only needs one of them to break hawkish.
▿ Bear case
- Brent is down 2.7% over two sessions and oil, not tariffs, is the dominant inflation input in this cycle.
- The tariff carves out energy, potash and critical minerals, which is roughly $10bn of duties in a $30tn economy.
- Warsh appears to prefer accelerated QT to rate hikes, which could tighten policy without ever printing a hike.
- We are marked 1.5pp above our own fair value, so at today's price the position has negative expected edge by our own arithmetic.
4
US Unemployment reaches 5.0% in 2026 — the Friday theory now has a date on it — NO
↑ BUY YES+4.4pp
Market price
12.4%
Fair value
8%
Gap: +4.4pp
Yesterday this was the worst mark in the book, a three-point jump in the YES with no identifiable cause, and we offered two guesses: a thin book being pushed, or positioning ahead of the payrolls benchmark revision. Today it gave back one tenth, to 12.4, and the second guess acquired a confirmed date. The BLS publishes the preliminary annual benchmark revision to establishment payrolls at 10:00 ET on Friday, August 28, the same morning Warsh speaks at Jackson Hole. That does not vindicate the theory, and we want to be careful about the difference. Knowing when the event is does not tell us that anyone is trading it. What it does is turn a vague worry into a dated one, which is the only kind we can act on. If the YES leg is being bid because someone expects the revision to reveal a materially weaker labour market than the monthly prints implied, Friday resolves that question in one direction or the other by lunchtime. The underlying facts are the same and they are not close. Unemployment is 4.1%. Getting to 5.0% by year end requires roughly 1.4 million additional unemployed in four months, which in the post-war record happens in recessions and essentially nowhere else. Meanwhile GDPNow has Q3 at 4.0%. A benchmark revision rewrites what already happened; it does not create nine tenths of a point of unemployment between now and December. The mechanical caveat cuts both ways as always: about $123K of lifetime volume, 11.2 bid against 13.6 ask, so the 12.4 mid is a midpoint between two quotes rather than a level anyone traded. Our NO is worth 87.6c against an entry at 75c. Fair value on the YES stays 8, so the NO is worth 92 against 87.6, a 4.4pp gap, under the bar. The review line is unchanged at a YES below 8c, and we are further from it than we were a week ago, which is the plain way of saying this position has got worse and not better.
▵ Bull case
- Unemployment is 4.1% and would need roughly 1.4m more unemployed in four months to reach 5.0%.
- GDPNow has Q3 growth at 4.0%; unemployment does not rise nine tenths of a point through a quarter like that.
- Claims at 206K last week remain historically low, whatever the continuing-claims trend is doing.
- The resolution window is short: only four months remain and the labour market moves slowly by construction.
▿ Bear case
- The YES leg has risen from 9.4 to 12.4 in two sessions and we have no confident explanation for the move.
- Friday's benchmark revision could retroactively show a much weaker labour market, changing the narrative fast.
- Continuing claims at 1.799M and rising is genuine slack accumulating beneath a low headline rate.
- July payrolls at -23,000 were negative; a run of negative months compounds faster than the 4.1% headline suggests.
5
Fed September Hike (screened — refused for a sixth time, on a new reason) — YES
↑ BUY YES-1.9pp
Market price
33.5%
Fair value
31.6%
Gap: -1.9pp
We have now declined this ticket six sessions running, and today the reason changes, so it is worth restating rather than repeating. Polymarket has a September 25bp increase at 33.5c, up a point from 32.5c, with No change at 65.5c and a 25bp decrease at 1.35c. That much is verified at source. The problem is our own fair value. For three sessions we have written that CME FedWatch is unverifiable at source, and we have carried a figure of 36.6 forward while flagging it as carried. Today we tried again and the tool's meeting table would not render for us, so it is unverifiable for a fourth session. What did surface is a datable third-party reading of the CME data from August 20: 68.4% for no change, which implies about 31.6% for a hike. That is five points below the 36.6 we have been carrying, and it points the other way. So we are in the position of having an input we cannot refresh, a carried value we can no longer defend, and a datable alternative that would flip the sign of the gap. Yesterday we said the gap was +4.1pp and under the bar. Today we withdraw the 36.6 as indefensible and publish the only figure we can date, 31.6, flagged plainly as a five-day-old third-party reading rather than a live one. That inverts the gap to -1.9pp: on the number we can actually source, this contract is slightly expensive, not slightly cheap. We would rather publish a stale number and label it stale than keep quoting a fresher-looking one we cannot stand behind. The correlation cap would refuse it anyway, and that is the more important point. This book already holds pos-010 on the 2026 hike, pos-011 on the year-end rate and pos-013 on zero cuts. Those three are close to the same bet expressed three ways. Adding a September ticket would make a fourth leg of one hawkish-Fed position, in a book we have repeatedly described as over-concentrated on exactly that theme. Even with a verified 10-point edge we would have to argue past the correlation cap. Without a fair value we can defend, there is nothing to argue.
▵ Bull case
- Tariff escalation plus core PCE at 3.29% is a live case for a September move, and the market has repriced toward it two days running.
- Three committee members already dissented toward a hike in July.
- The hike-by-October leg at 41.5c implies meaningful probability concentrated in exactly this window.
- GDPNow at 4.0% removes the growth objection to tightening in September.
▿ Bear case
- We cannot verify our own fair-value input at source for a fourth consecutive session.
- The one datable reading we found, from Aug 20, implies about 31.6% against a 33.5c market, which inverts the gap we published yesterday.
- Warsh appears to prefer accelerated QT to a rate hike, and this contract only pays on the rate.
- The correlation cap refuses it independently: this would be a fourth leg of the same hawkish-Fed position.